Index fund buyers have numerous decisions when choosing the weighting fashion of the funds they maintain. There are market cap-weighted indices just like the S&P 500 and the Russell 2000/3000, inventory price-weighted indices just like the Dow Jones Industrial Common, in addition to equally weighted indices.
However to our data, there is no such thing as a index constructed on the US nation stage that weights holdings by every sector’s underlying GDP.
So, how would we assemble such an index and the way wouldn’t it examine to the S&P 500 by way of efficiency and danger?
To create our US GDP-weighted index, we broke the S&P 500 down into its 11 underlying sectors and pulled the information for every sector’s corresponding Vanguard exchange-traded fund (ETF) going again to 2005. Subsequent, we took every sector’s contribution to GDP in the beginning of every quarter and calculated every sector’s GDP contribution over the next quarter and multiplied that by the sector’s relative GDP weight in the beginning of the quarter. That gave us the sector’s contribution to the index’s general return over that quarter.
As an illustration, if Financials contributed 10.95% to US GDP within the first quarter of 2015 and the Vanguard Financials ETF (VHF) declined 0.81% that quarter, then by our calculation — 10.95% * –0.81% — the Financials trade contributed –0.089% to the general GDP-weighted index throughout that exact quarter. Including up all 11 sectors’ contributions yields the index’s general return within the first quarter of 2015.
Evaluating this GDP-weighted index to the S&P 500 over time highlights some fascinating variations in efficiency. The graph under charts the relative efficiency of the 2 indices throughout our 2005 to 2023 time interval.
Whole Returns of US GDP-Weighted vs. SPX
Based mostly on their whole returns, the 2 indices tracked with statistical similarity from 2005 to mid-2009. However after 2009, the GDP-weighted index outperformed the S&P 500 by over half a share level annually up till 2023.
The abstract statistics mirror these outcomes as nicely. The US GDP-weighted index averaged an annualized return of 10.11% in comparison with 9.61% for the S&P 500 over the pattern interval. The US GDP-weighted index additionally had a decrease common beta — 0.98 — over the pattern interval.
All in all, the outcomes point out {that a} US GDP-weighted index might supply the potential for extra returns with comparable ranges of danger in comparison with its benchmark.
To make certain, our outcomes happen over a restricted time interval of 18 years. So whereas it’s too early to make a definitive assertion about what such an index can ship relative to a value-weighted index just like the S&P 500, that is undoubtedly an space worthy of additional examine and evaluation.
Should you appreciated this publish, don’t overlook to subscribe to the Enterprising Investor.
All posts are the opinion of the creator. As such, they shouldn’t be construed as funding recommendation, nor do the opinions expressed essentially mirror the views of CFA Institute or the creator’s employer.
Picture credit score: ©Getty Photos / Peach_iStock
Skilled Studying for CFA Institute Members
CFA Institute members are empowered to self-determine and self-report skilled studying (PL) credit earned, together with content material on Enterprising Investor. Members can file credit simply utilizing their on-line PL tracker.
